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Nephrology - Dialysis department
Réseau Hospitalier de Médecine Sociale
Belgium
This Website was developped and designed by Dr Debelle. Its content only reflects authors' own view.
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Definition of hypertension
The blood pressure is measured by using a cuff wrapped around the upper arm and a pressure gauge. The cuff is sufficiently inflated to stop the blood flow into the brachial artery. Afterwards, the cuff is slowly deflated which restores the blood flow through the previously compressed vessel. The systolic pressure is equivalent to the pressure at which the pulse is first heard, when the haert contracts. The diastolic pressure is equal to the pressure at which the sound disappears when the haert fills with blood.

Normal blood pressure values are 120/80 mmHg

The diagnosis of hypertension is made when blood pressure measured in appropriate conditions is above 140/90 mmHg. Between 120/80 and 140/90, the patient is "at risk" and should change is lifestyle: modification of his/her eating habits (low-salt and low-fat diet, reduction of alcohol intake), stop smoking, frequent physical activity... In all cases, the lifestyle modification represents the first step for the treatment of hypertension

The cardiovascular risks are dramatically amplified when hypertension is associated with conditions such as diabetes or renal diseases. It is recommended to reduce blood pressure below 125/80 mmHg. Fortunately, several effective treatments (ACE inhibitors, sartan,...) are able to reduce blood pressure at this target level.